PSYCHOLOGY CORNER

 

     GUIDANCE VS. COUNSELING: AN EXPOSITION

 AMY L. CHAVES

Jan. 2, 2000

 

GUIDANCE

DESCRIPTION: Guidance is an act of showing the way for some people, like adolescents, who cannot find the right path.  It is directing, pointing, leading and accompanying.  Guidance is saying “Yes” to someone who is asking for help.  It is saying “Yes” to an invitation of someone who wants a temporary companion along life’s way.

Guidance is giving directions to the lonely, confused, unloved, the suffering, the sick and the lost.  It is pointing to some possibilities of thinking, feeling and acting. It is leading the person psychologically, emotionally and even spiritually to some newer ways of meaningful living.  It is accompanying those who are fearful and uncertain, those who need someone along the rugged path of life’s journey.

DEFINITION: From an objective point of view, guidance is part and parcel of the counseling profession.  It is called directive counseling.  High school and even college students need guidance when they are unsure of what choices to make or what directions to take.  The guidance counselor “opens up” a world of choices for these persons for them to choose from.  It is like presenting the universe when all that a person sees is the lonely planet earth.  The guidance counselor enlarges and widens the horizon of people who sees only a narrow path or a concealed view of that path.  Thus, the focus is on possibilities and choices.

 

DISTINGUISHING FEATURES: Usually, guidance occurs in schools. High school and college students avail of guidance and counseling services in their school.  More often, young people are unsure of what to do, how to react or respond, and how to act in certain choices.  When this occurs, they need someone older, wiser and more experienced to show them the way, to guide them.  This is the role of the guidance counselor—to extend assistance when necessary to those who are confused, uncertain, and needing advice.  However, some adults may need guidance too.  There are certain moments in one’s life when some unresolved complexes get in the way and the person may want advice or direction.  Thus, although guidance occurs more often in schools, it could also be found among friends or circles of friends in the adult world and even formally, in the counselor’s or therapist’s office.

 

EXPERIENCE:  Most of the guidance I received occurred when I was in my high school and college years.  I was sometimes unsure.  During my high school years, I was uncertain of the following: should I get a part-time job?  Should I accept this suitor?  Should I allow my boyfriend to kiss me?  Should I go to the beach alone with my boyfriend?  During my college years: What course should I take?  Should I engage in pre-marital sex?  When should I get married?  Should I live with my mother or separate from her?  How many children should I have?  How should I relate with my in-laws?  During my early adulthood: How do I make sure that when I have a baby I can take good care of him well?  How could I augment my income?  How should I deal with my mother’s over-protectiveness?  How should I respond to my husband’s jealousy?  How should I spend money and still live within or below my means? 

The guidance I give to my own children is invaluable although not perfect.  Now that they are adolescents I try to guide them whenever it is necessary and when they ask for it. I have long abstained from dictating them or controlling their behavior unlike when they were only small kids.  The kind of guidance I gave when they were small kids: “Don’t run when you go down the stairs.” Or “You keep the remaining candies and eat them after lunch.” Or “Tie your shoes this way.”  Or “Say good morning to your Grandma.”  The kind of guidance I gave when they were older, during their high school days:  “Be careful when crossing the street.”  Or “Choose your friends with care.” Or  “Come early so you will have time to study and watch TV afterwards.” Or “Don’t you think it’s too early to have a girlfriend?” Or “Why not save your money instead of buying this thing?”  Now that I have a 21-year-old son, this is the kind of guidance I give: Nothing unless I am absolutely sure he needs it or when he comes to me for advice.  I feel that I might be intruding into his life if I ask for an unsolicited advice.  There are some instances though that I give him my unsolicited advice especially when it concerns his health, like sleeping at 2:00 0’ clock in the morning to rush a project. Or when it comes to his safety, like coming home at 10:00 0’ clock almost every night after visiting his girlfriend.  I found out that when you love a person, there are right moments and the right way of being honest and frank without hurting their feelings.  But there are also times when it is necessary to hurt a person’s feelings precisely because you love him or her.  That is still part of guiding.

 

 

COUNSELING

DESCRIPTION: Counseling is guiding and more.  It is a way of healing hurts. It is both a science and an art. It is a science because to offer counsel, advice or assistance, the counselor must have the knowledge of the basic principles and techniques of counseling.  The counselor must be able to use any of these basic principles and techniques as paradigms in order for him to counsel well.  However, it is not enough to use know these basic principles and techniques.  The other important aspect is for the counselor to know how to counsel—the art of counseling.  This aspect considers counseling as a relationship, as a sharing of life, in the hope that the person who is hurting will be healed.  As a relationship, counseling involves the physical, emotional, and psychical or spiritual dimensions.  The counselor must have the ability to relate to the counselee in an appropriate physical manner without being too intimate or too close for comfort or being too distant or aloof.  The emotional dimension in counseling includes empathy, sensitivity and the ability to interpret non-verbal clues of the counselee in order to understand unresolved complexes or pent-up feelings.  The psychical or spiritual dimension embraces the counselee’s “soul-content”---what lies inside.  This is what is called the interiority of the person. The counselor must have the gift or grace of catching a glimpse of the interior world of the person, particularly his spiritual condition, for this is very important in healing the person’s hurts.

 

DEFINITION:  Counseling is a relatively short-term relationship, characterized by an interpersonal relationship between the counselor and the counselee.  It is theory-based, handled professionally by trained people, guided by ethical and legal standards that focus on helping or giving care to people who need to resolve developmental and situational problems.

Counseling focuses on making important changes in one’s thinking, feeling and behaving.  It is a more than guiding because it  aggressively promotes making changes in the counselee’s life-style.  It may even entail a “paradigm-shift when warranted.  It is generally short-term and the main goal is the resolution of problems.  It deals with normal people having normal problems.

 

DISTINGUISHING FEATURES: Counseling is an active listening.  Although considered as a noble yet thankless profession, it deals with making important changes in the intellectual, emotional, physical and spiritual aspects of the counselee through a process philosophy. As a process, it encompasses exploration, goal setting and action to facilitate new ways of behaving, thinking and feeling. Counselors believe that clients are not sick, just stuck.

 

EXPERIENCE:  At different instances, I was counselee and counselor.  As a counselee my main problem was my feelings—how to deal with it such that it will not control me.  I think I was better off when I was in high school and in college that when I became an adult.  When I was younger—from 14 to 19 years old my problems were lighter.  They were not actually lighter but during that time they were lighter to me.  Now that I am in my middle adult years, my problems seem bigger.  It is probably because I know a lot better now—so I have a better grasp of the nature of the problem.  In this sense, the problems are heavier.  Thus, as a counselee these days, I also need a counselor who is even much wiser, more experienced, and skilled in dealings with problems of middle years.  That is why I cannot readily open myself with just anybody.  I’d rather enjoy with them or enjoy the camaraderie than burst open my vulnerable self.  I feel like I am in an enclosed cocoon, alone and solitary.  Since I am 43, I am supposed to be independent so I act like one.  But deep down I want to be taken cared of.  So I seem to put up the air of autonomy although I really want to cling.  But as the song goes…”Who can I turn to, when nobody needs me?”  That means I am forced to be strong and courageous because there is no one more strong and courageous around.

As a counselor, I am approachable.  I am warm and empathic.  Most people who come to me are students who have problems with their interpersonal relationships.  I see their problems as small compared to mine.   Some are married people whose husband or wives are having affairs.  Why is this the case?  There seems to be an epidemic among married people of needing other people aside from their spouses, of the need to have affairs.  Perhaps there are many reasons but I am learning a lot as a counselor about human nature than what I get from reading about it in philosophy books.  The more I listen, the more I understand what I have been teaching my students about the nature of the human person—complex but worthy nonetheless.

 

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